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News

Each quarter, we publish a newsletter and annually a budget summary detailing
the latest tax and business information relevant to the small business.

You can download the latest of these here in PDF Format.

Newsletter Newsletter Budget 2009 Budget 2009

Uses of our Weekly Till or Mileage Log Sheets can download them here

Weekly Till SheetWeekly Till Sheet Mileage Log Mileage Log Sheet

 

To view this document you will need Adobe Acrobat Reader installed on your computer if you do not have it already it can be downloaded FREE by clicking on the button to the right.


Information

income tax rates | main income tax reliefs | tax credits | car benefit assessment | tax free mileage rates |individual savings accounts (ISA's) | national insurance contributions | personal pensions | rates of inheritance tax | capital gains tax | corporation tax | main capital allowances | value added tax | vat scale rates on private fuel | vat flat rate scheme | stamp duty | pensions and benefits | national minimum wage | earliest due date to payment of tax


 INCOME TAX RATES
2010/2011 2009/2010
10% starting rate (for savings income only) to: 2,440 2,440
20% basic rate on income to: £37,400 £37,400
40% higher rate on income to £150,000 no limit
50% additional rate on income above £150,000 n/a
Higher rate on dividends 32.5% 32.5%
- effective rate with tax credit 25% 25%
Additional rate on dividends 42.5% n/a
- effective rate with tax credit 36.1% n/a


MAIN INCOME TAX RELIEFS
20010/11 2009/2010
Personal allowance* £6,475 £6,035

Age-related allowance
Personal allowance
- Age 65-74
- Age 75 or over

Married Couple**
(either spouse born on or before 5 April 1935)
- minimum amount

Income Limit
Clawback

 



£9,490

£9,640


£6,865
£2,670

£22,900
£1 in £2



£9,490
£9,640


£6,865
£2,670

£22,900
£1 in £2

Blind person's allowance £1,890 £1,890
Maintenance payments* (born before 5/4/35) £2,350 £2,350

* Reduced by £1 for £2 where income exceed £100,000
** Denotes allowance given as a 10% credit

IMPORTANT LIMITS
2010/2011 2009/2010
Charitable donations under payroll giving scheme no limit no limit
Golden handshake exemption £30,000 £30,000
Venture capital trusts** £200,000 £200,000
Gift aid - minimum no minimum no minimum
Rent a room exemption £4,250 £4,250
Enterprise Investment scheme* £500,000 £500,000
Enterprise Management Incentive Investment £120,000 £120,000

*Relief restricted to 20%
** Relief restricted to 30% - must now be held for 5 years

 

WORKING TAX CREDIT (WTC) 2010/2011
BASIC ELEMENT
LONE PARENT ELEMENT
2nd ADULT ELEMENT
30 HOUR ELEMENT
DISABILITY ELEMENT
SEVERE DISABILITY ELEMENT
50 PLUS ELEMENT
CHILDCARE ELEMENT
16 to less than 30hrs work pw
Over 30 hrs work pw
80%of cost
Max / Max 1 Child
£1,920pa
£36.92 pw
£1,890pa
£36.35pw
£1,890pa
£36.35pw
£790pa
£15.19pw
£2,570pa
£49.42pw
£1,095pa
£21.06pw
1,320pa
£25.38pw
£1.965pa
£37.79pw
£300pw / £175pw

Claimants over retirement age
From 6 April 2011, people over 65 will be able to claim Working Tax Credit if they work at least 16 hours a week. Currently they must work at least 30 hours a week, unless they have dependent children, or qualify for the disability element, or they are returning to work after claiming certain benefits(the 50+ Return to Work payment)

CHILDRENS TAX CREDIT (CTC) 2010/2011
FAMILY ELEMENT
BABY ADDITION (under 1 year)
CHILD ELEMENT
DISABLED CHILD ELEMENT
ENHANCED DISABLED CHILD ELEMENT
£545pa
£10.45 pw
£545pa
£10.450pw
£2,300pa
£44.23pw
£2,715pa
£52.21pw
£1,095pa
£21.06pw

 

HOW WTC/CTC IS CALCULATED
Those entitled to CTC only: income less than £16,190 pa or £311.35pw - full CTC.
Those entitled to WTC & CTC income less than £6,420pa or £123.46pw - full WTC & CTC
Tax Credits reduced by 39p for every £1 over the threshold.
Family Element of CTC retained until income over £50,000pa then tapers at £1 for each £15 .

No Capital limits
First £25,000 income disregarded.

 

PENSION CREDIT
The figures to be used in calculating Pension Credit entitlements are
2010/2011
2009/2010

Standard minimum guarantee
- single person
- couple

Additional amount for severe disability
- single person
- couple (one qualifies)

- couple (both qualify)

Additional amount for carers



£132.60
£202.40



£53.65
£53.65
£107.30

£30.05



£130.00
£198.45



£52.85
£52.85
£105.70

£29.50

Savings credit - single person
- threshold
- maximum



£98.40
£20.52

£96.00
£20.40

Savings credit - couple
- threshold
- maximum

£157.25
£27.09
£153.40
£27.03

Disregards
Standard earnings
Couple's earnings
Higher Earnings
(carers, part-time fireman etc)
War disablement pension
War widow'spension
Armed Forces Compensation Scheme
Widowed parent's allowance
Income from a subtenant+


£5.00
£10.00
£20.00

£10.00
£10.00
£10.00
£10.00
£20.00

£5.00
£10.00
£20.00

£10.00
£10.00
£10.00
£10.00
£20.00

Deductions from awards
Recovery of overpaid Pension Credit
- ordinary overpayments
- claimant convicted of fraud
Recovery of Council Tax, housing, fuel
and water costs
Child Support - standard deduction
- lower deduction



£9.90
£13.20

£3.30
£6.60
£3.30




£9.75
£12.80

£3.25
£6.50
£3.25

Income from investments
The capital disregard was increased to £10,000 with effect from 2 November 2009 and will not be further increased for 2010/11. The deemed weekly income from capital in excess of the disregard remains £1 for each £500 or part thereof.

+For income from a boarder, the disregard is £20 plus half the balance of the amount paid by the boarder

 

 



CAR BENEFITS 2010/2011 - CARS WITH C02 EMISSION FIGURE*
Grams per litre Fuel

120
or less

130
135
140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 205 210 215 220 225
230
% of Car's price taxed Petrol
Diesel

10
13

15
18
16
19
17
20
18
21
19
22
20
23
21
24
22
25
23
26
24
27
25
28
26
29
27
30
28
31
29
32
30
33
31
34
32
35
33
35
34
35
35
35

 

You can find your vehicle CO2 emission fiqure at
SMMT - CO2 Emission Service

CARS WITH NO CO2 EMISSION FIGURE & CARS 1ST REGISTERED BEFORE 1/1/98

Registered before 1st January 1998
% rate
1400cc or less

15
1401cc -2000cc

22
2001cc and more

32
Rotary engine

32
Registered after 1st January 1998
% rate
15 (Diesel + 3%)
25 (Diesel + 3%)
35
35

 

CAR BENEFITS - CARS THAT RUN ON ALTERNATIVE FUELS & TECHNOLOGIES
Type of Car
Electric only
Hybrid electric
Gas only
Bi-fuelwith CO2 Emissions figure
Bi-fuelconversion or other bi-fuel not type B
Cars manufactured for E85 fuel
Code
E
H
B
B
C
G

Discount from 2006/7

6%
3% (note 2)
2% (note 1)
2% (notes 1 & 2) None (note 2)

2% (from 2008/09) (note 2)

Notes: 1. Type B car only. 2. Do not apply to QUALECs

FUEL BENEFIT CHARGE

Based on CO2 emissions. Charge to be multiplied by a set figure for the year.
From 20010/11 set figure is £18,000. From 2008/09 to 2009/10 set figure was £16,900
Example: A car that has a CO2 emissions of 195 g/km. % used to calculate car benefit is 27% for 2008/09.
The fuel scale charge will be 27% x £18,000 = £4,860.
Cars registered before 1/1/98 and cars with no CO2 emissions figure. % figure to be used is the same as used for Car Benefits.



TAX FREE MILEAGE RATES - OWN TRANSPORT
Miles 2010/2011 2009/2010
up to 10,000 miles 40p 40p
over 10,000 miles 25p 25p

For each additional passenger 5p. Motor Cycles 24p. Bicycles 20p.

ADVISORY ONLY - TAX FREE MILEAGE RATES - 01/06/2010 - COMPANY CARS*

Cylinder Capacity
Petrol
Diesel
LPG
0 - 1400cc
12p
11p
8p
1401 - 2000cc
15p
11p
10p
2001cc +
21p
16p
14p

 


INDIVIDUAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS (ISA's)

Individuals 18 or over, Maximum Investment of £10,200pa of which there is a maximum of £5,100 for a "cash ISA" and £1,000 for a "life insurance ISA"

Individuals 16-17 can invest up to £5,100pa in either the cash element of a maxi-ISA or in a cash mini-ISA

Income from this type of investment is free of any Income tax or Capital Gains Tax.


NATIONAL INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONS 2010/2011
Class 1 - Employed
 
Employee's Contribution
Employer's Contribution
Earnings in range
Contribution Table A
Contribution Table B
Contribution Table C
Tables A,B and C
Up to £110pw (£477pm)
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
£110.01 - £770pw (£3,337pm)
11%
9.4%
Nil
12.8%
£770.01 - £844pw (£3,657pm)
11%
11%
Nil
12.8%
Over £844pw
1%
1%
Nil
12.8%
.

The reduced rate payable by certain married women and widows will remain 4.85%, payable on earnings between £110.01 and £844, 1% above £844 per week.

Class 1A (employers only) : 12.8% based on taxable benefits excluding childcare
Class 1B (employers only) : 12.8% in respect of amounts in PAYE settlement agreement
Class 2 - self-employed flat rate: £2.40 per week if earnings are over £5,075 pa
Class 3 - Voluntary: £12.95 per week
Class 4* - Self-employed: 8% on profits between £5,715 and £43,875pa, 1% over £40,440pa
*Exemption applies if state retirement age was reached by 6 April 2009


PERSONAL PENSIONS (PPPs) and RETIREMENT ANNUITY PREMIUMS (RAPs)

The maximum amount of contributions on which an individual can claim tax relief in 20010/11 is the greater of

  • The "basic" amount - currently £3,600: and
  • The amount of the individual's relevant UK earnings that are chargeable to income tax for the tax year up to a maximum of £255,000.

In certain circumstances it may be possible to contribute more than above, but specialist advice should be sought.

A tax charge potentially arises if the value of the pension at retirement exceeds the lifetime allowance.

The pension scheme lifetime allowance for 2010/11 is £1,800,000

From the 6 Aprill 2011 tax relief for pension contributions will be restricted for people with incomes over £150,000 - higher rate relief will be progressively withdrawn until, for those with incomes of £180,000 or more, relief will be given at he basic rate only.


 


RATES OF INHERITANCE TAX
Transfers on or Within Seven Years Before Death
  2010/2011 2009/2010
Nil rate band to £325,000 £325,000
Rate of tax on balance 40% 40%
Chargeable lifetime transfers 20% 20%


Main exemptions
Spouse/cival partner - both UK domiciled (or tranferor non domiciled): unlimited
Non domiciled spouse/cival partner - UK domiciled transferor: £55,000
Business property relief of 100% for all shareholdings in qualifying unquoted companies.
Similar relief for qualifying assets used in unincorporated businesses and working farms.
Annual exemption for chargeable lifetime transfers £3,000.
Small gifts - annual amount per donee £250.
Marriage gifts by
- parent: £5,000
- grandparent: £2,500
- other: £1,000

Charities and political parties: unlimited
Regular gifts out of surplus income are also exempt.



Reduced tax charge on transfers within 7 years of death

Years before death
% of death rates
0 - 3
100%
3 - 4
80%
4 - 5
60%
5 - 6
40%
6 - 7
20%
Over 7
NIL


CAPITAL GAINS TAX

Tax is charged at 18% after deduction of Annual Exemption.

Entrepreneurs' Relief reduces the rate to 10% on the first £1m of gains on disposals of qualifying business assets.

Annual exemption
2010/2011
2009/2010
Individuals and personal reps
£10,100
£10,100
Trusts for diabled person
£10,100
£10,100
Most trusts
£5,050
£5,050
Chattels exemption - proceeds up to
£6,000
£6,000
Transfers between husband & wife living together
No Limit
No Limit

Companies: Gains charged to corporation tax after indexation, no annual exemption available.


CORPORATION TAX
Y/E 31/3/2011
Y/E 31/3/2010
Small companies' rate up to £300,000 21%

21%

Upper marginal rate

£300,001 to 1,500,000

29.75% 29.75%
Full rate Over £1,500,00 28%

28%


Companies with taxable profits of £1,500,000 or more may be liable to quarterly instalment payments on account of tax liabilitis.


MAIN CAPITAL ALLOWANCES


Plant and machinery

  • writing down allowance (some long life assets 6%)
  • Long life assets (including integral features)
  • Approved energy-savings items
  • Annual Investment Allowance
    up to £100,000 (2009/10 £50,000)

Motor Cars (max relief £3,000pa)

General (reducing balance basis)
Low emission cars (less than 110co2)

New cars purchased after 1 April 2009 (Co) or 6 April 2009
Low emission cars (less than 110c02)
Cars less than 160 co2

Cars higher 160 co2
The max relief of £3,000pa will no longer apply

Other Items

  • Research & Development
  • Enterprize Zone buildings
  • Industrial buildings, hotels and agricultural buildings

2010/2011


20%
10%
100%

100%





20%
100%


100%
20%
10%



100%
100%

3%

 

2009/2010


20%
10%
100%

100%




20%
100%


100%
20%
10%



100%
100%

3%



VALUE ADDED TAX
Standard rate 17.5%
Reduced rate 5%
Registration level from 01/04/2010 £70,000 pa
Deregistration level from 01/04/2010 £68,000 pa
Optional flat rate scheme - up to £150,000
Annual accounting scheme - up to £1,350,000
Cash Accounting Scheme £1,350,000

VAT as a fraction of gross price - 7/47ths


VAT SCALE RATES ON PRIVATE FUEL
(return periods starting after 01/05/2010)

Return Period
Monthly
Quarterly
Annual
CO2 band
Gross
VAT
Gross
VAT
Gross
Vat
120 or less £47 £7.00 £141 £21.00 £570 £84.89

125

£70 £10.42 £212 £31.57 £850 £126.60
130 £70 £10.42 £212 £31.57 £850 £126.60
135 £75 £11.17 £227 £33.81 £910 £135.54
140 £80 £11.91 £241 £35.89 £965 £143.72
145 £85 £12.66 £255 £37.98 £1,020 £151.91
150 £89 £13.26 £269 £40.06 £1,080 £160.85
155 £94 £14.00 £283 £42.15 £1,135 £169.04
160 £99 £14.74 £297 £44.23 £1,190 £177.23
165 £104 £15.49 £312 £46.47 £1,250 £186.17
170 £108 £16.09 £326 £48.55 £1,305 £194.36
175 £113 £16.83 £340 £50.64 £1,360 £202.55
180 £118 £17.57 £354 £52.72 £1,420 £211.49
185 £122 £18.17 £368 £54.81 £1,475 £219.68
190 £127 £18.91 £383 £57.04 £1,530 £227.87
195 £132 £19.66 £397 £59.13 £1,590 £236.81
200 £137 £20.40 £411 £61.21 £1,645 £245.00
205 £141 £21.00 £425 £63.30 £1,705 £253.94
210 £146 £21.74 £439 £65.38 £1,760 £262.13
215 £151 £22.49 £454 £67.62 £1,815 £270.32
220 £156 £23.23 £468

£69.70

£1,875 £279.26
225 £160 £23.83 £482 £80.30 £1,930 £287.45
230 or more £165 £24.57 £496 £73.87 £1,985 £295.64

 



OPTIONAL VAT FLAT RATE SCHEME FOR SMALL BUSINESSES

(HMCE Notice 733) Registration Allowed subject to certain exemptions, if expected turnover in the next 12 months is No more than £150,000 taxable supplies; once on the scheme the trader is not required to leave the scheme until his annual income exceeds £225,000.

Calculate vat payable by multiplying the flat rate percentage for the relevant trade sector by total income.

N.B. Supplies to other Vat registered businesses are invoiced at the normal rate for the supply

FLAT RATE PERCENTAGE BY TRADE SECTOR
Category of Business
%
Accountancy or book-keeping
13.0
Advertising
10.0
Agricultural services
10.0

Any other activity not listed elsewhere

10.5
Architect, civi and structural engineer or surveyor
13.0
Boarding or care of animals
10.5
Business services that are not listed elsewhere
10.5
Catering services including restaurants and takeaways
11.0
Computer and IT consultancy or data processing
13.0
Computer repair services
9.5
Dealing in waste scrap
9.5
Entertainment or journalism
11.0
Estate agency or property management services
10.5
Farming or agriculture that is not listed elswhere
6.0
Film, radio, television or video production
11.5
Financial services
12.0
Forestry or fishing
9.5
General building or construction services*
8.5
Hairdressing or other beauty treatment services
11.5
Hiring or renting goods
8.5
Hotel or accommodation
9.5
Investigation or security
10.5
Labour-only building or construction services*
13.0
Laundry or dry-cleaning services
10.5
Lawyer or legal services
13.0
Library, archive, museum or other cultural activity
8.5
Management consulting
12.5
Manufacturing fabricated metal products
9.5
Manufacturing food
8.0
Manufacturing that is not listed elsewhers
8.5
Manufacturing yarn, textiles or clothing
8.0
Membership organisation
7.0
Mining or quarrying
9.0
Packaging
8.0
Photography
10.0
Post offices
4.5
Printing
7.5
Publishing
10.0
Pubs
6.0
Real estate activity not listed elsewhere
12,5
Repairing personal or household goods
9.0
Reparing vehicles
7.5
Retailing food, confectionary, tobacco, newspapers or children's clothing
3.5
Retailing pharmaceuticals, medical goods, cosmetics or toiletries
7.0
Retailing that is not liested elsewhere
6.5
Retailing vehicles or fuel
6.0
Secretarial services
11.5
Socialwork
10.0
Sport or recreation
7.5
Transport or storage, including couriers, freight, removals and taxis
9.0
Travel agency
9.5
Veterinary medicine
10.0
Wholesaling agricultural products
7.0
Wholesaling food
6.5
Wholesaling that is not listed elsewhere
7.5

* 'Labour-only building or construction services' means building or construction services where the value of materials supplied is less than 10% of relevant turnover from such services; any other building or construction services are 'general building or construction services'.



STAMP DUTY
Transfers by sale
% of Consideration
Shares and marketable securities
0.5%

Land and other property - Disadvantage Area
£0 - £150,000 (increased to £250,000 for 1st time buyers)
£150,001 - £250,000

£250.001 - £500,000
£500,001 - £1,000,000

over £1,000,000 (with effect from 6 April 2011)


Nil

1%
3%
4%
5%

Land and other property - Residential
£0 - £125,000 (increased to £250,000 for 1st time buyers)
£125,001 - £250,000

£250.001 - £500,000
£500,001 - £1,000,000
over £1,000,000 (with effect from 6 April 2011)


Nil
1%
3%
4%
5%

Land and other property - Non-residential
£0 - £150.000
£150,001 - £250,000
£250,001 - £500,000
Over £500,000

Nil
1%
3%
4%
Transfers by gift
NIL
Property that is not land, shares or interests in partnerships is no longer subject to stamp duty.

New Leases (lease duty)

Charge for the rental element of leases is 1% on the net present value (NPV) of the rental payments to the extent that the NPV exceeds £125,000 for residential property of £150,000 for non-residential property.

Lease premiums are charged at the same rates as for freehold transfers, unless the annual rent exceeds £600, in which case there will be no zero band for the premium and the 1% charging band will apply to premiums up to £250,000.

 




PENSIONS AND BENEFITS

 


Basic Retirement Pension

Basic person
On husband's insurance
Addition at age 80
Value of graduated pension unit

Weekly Benefit
2010/2011
2009/2010


£97.65
£58.50
£0.25
0.1153


£95.25
£57.05
£0.25
0.1153

Child Benefit & Guardian's Allowance
Child Benefit - eldest or only child
- each other child
Guardian's Allowance


£20.30
£13.40
£14.30

£20.00
£13.20
£14.10
Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)
Earnings threshold
Standard Rate

£97.00
£79.15

£95.00
£79.15

Maternity and Paternity Benefits
Maternity Allowance
- earnings threshold
- standard rate
Statutory Maternity, Paternity & Adoption
- earnings threshold
- standard rate



£30.00
£124.88

£97.00
£124.88


£30.00
£123.06

£95.00
£123.06
Carer's Allowance
Standard Rate
- spouse or person looking after children

Earnings rule

£53.90
£31.70
£95.00

£53.10
£31.70
£95.00

Incapacity Benefit
Long Term
-spouse or person looking after children
Short-term (under state pesion age)
-lower rate
-Higher rate
- spouse or person looking after children


£91.40
£53.10

£68.95
£81.60
£41.35


£89.80
£53.10

£67.75
£80.15
£41.35

Bereavement Benefits
Bereavement payment (lump sum)
Widowed parent's allowance
Bereavement allowance ( Standard rate)

£2,000.00
£97.65
£97.65

£2,000.00
£95.25
£95.25

Jobseekers allowance
Age under 25
Age 25 and over


£51.85
£65.45

£50.95
£64.30

 


NATIONAL MINIMUM WAGE
Age
From 1 October 2010
From 1 October 2009
22 and above
£5.93
£5.80
18 - 21
£4.92
£4.83
16 - 17
£3.64
£3.57

Minimum Holidays 28 days ( 5.6 weeks) which can include statutory holidays


 

EARLIEST DUE DATES FOR PAYMENT OF TAX
Income Tax
Employments
  • Under PAYE - withheld on payment.
  • Balance - 31 January following end of tax year, or added to PAYE in later year.
All income received without tax deduction (trades, professions, rents and untaxed interest)
  • Payments on account on 31 January and 31 July based on 2009/10 tax
  • Balance of 2009/10 tax due 31 January 2011
Dividends and most interest
  • 10% withheld on payment.
  • Higher rate due 31 January 2011 for 2009/10


Capital Gains Tax - 31 January following the end of the tax year

Inheritance Tax - normally 6 months after month of death

Corporation Tax - normally 9 months after end of accounting period

Disclaimer
The above information has been provided for guidance only and should not be taken as a substitute for professional advice. The writer cannot accept any liabilities for loss sustained in the use of the above information.